Internal-combustion engine.



C. M. LEECH.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 25, 1911. RENEWED JUNE 12,1912.

1,068,595, Patented July 29, 1913.

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G. M. LEEGH.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLIQATIOK FILED NOV. 25 l ,068,595

,1911. RENEWED JUNE 12,1913.

Patented July 29, 1913.

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nuifrsn sra'riss PATENT GFFEQE,

CHARLES E. LEECH, G LIMA, OHIG.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Litters Eaten.

Patented J lily 29, 1913.

Application filed November 25, 1911, Serial 3%, (562.38%. Renewed June12, 1913. Serial No. 773,347.

To all 2071071711 may concern Be it known that I, CHARLES M- LEECH, acitizen of the United States, residing at Lima, in the. county of Allenand State of ()hio, have invented certain new and useful improvements inInternal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a spccification.

The present invention relates to internal combustion engines and moreparticularly to a two-cycle air cooled engine.

An important object of the invention is to provide novel means forcontrolling the feed of the explosive charge and of air for coolng thepiston and cylinder.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device of the abovementioned character, which reliable in operation, simple inconstruction, and cheap to manufacture.

Other objects and advantages of this in vcntion will be apparent duringthe course of thc following description.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and inwhich like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout thesame, Figure l is a vertical sectional View through the engine, taken online l l of Fig. 3, Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional View taken on line2 2 of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a. similar View taken on line 3 8 of Fig. 1,Fig. 4 is a fragmentary \erLical sectional View taken on line 44 of Fig,3, Fig. is a similarw'iew on line 5--5 of Fig. G a vertical sectionalview taken on line G' -4? of Fig. 2, Fig. 7 is a plan View of a valvecage or scat, Fig 8 is a iilc clc 'alion oi a valve, and, Fig. i) is acentral vciiical sectional view through llic valve.

in tho (lrnuings wherein illustrateil a him-ti; {-lHlHltlllllBllt of myinvention, the numeral 1 designates an explosion cylinder having; the rlinary opening formed through its upper ciul for receiving a spark plug(not shown Surrounding this cyliir (lOl is a ia 21 l, p1 iilerl at; itsuppcr curl with :1 cc ti'al opcning Interposcd he luv-on this; jacketand the explosion ltl an lical rimming fins radiall poswl 21ml spa" asshown, and provu with awning the fins (3. Tho L'XPlOSlOR rideil near itslower end with an exhaust I: to establish flic connnuni cati n betweenthe spaces formcd between inder 1 1s pus port 7 and opposite thisexhaust port with a plurality of gas supply ports 8. A pivoted valvs 9is positionc i near the ports 8, to control the passage of materialthrough the same, and this valve may preferably be acuiated by acentrifugal governor (not shown). Connected with the cylinder 1 is anouter intern'iediate casing or shell 10, having free communication witha gas port orconrluit 12, formed upon one side thereof. This port hascommunication with the ports 8 through a port Disposed Within theintermeciiate casing 10 is a. compression cylinder 13', having freecommunication at its lower end with said casing 10, as shown. Formedprefcrahly integral with the lower end of the vcasing l0 a crank casingsection 14, to

which secured a cs-acting section 15, the two se tions forming a closedcrank case. The casing 16 is provided at its lower end with an. annularflange 16, 'npon which is secured a tiange 1.? formed upon a crank casecylinder 18, annular in horizontal cross section, as shown. Disposed toreciprocate in the cylinder 1 is a piston 19 provided upon its heartwith a flange 20, as is custom I ary. The piston 15) is formed. hollow,as shown, and extends downwardly so that its lower enol operates withinthe crank cylinder 18. T his piston may preferably be provided withordinary packing rings 21. The piston 19 is provided substantially midway its ends with an auxiliary compression piston operating in thecompression cylinder 33', as shown. The coi'npression piston is profcialy in the form. of an annulus provided with a groove for receiving apacking ring 253-. Extending tl'irough the piston 19 a pilman 24, havingits uppcr ezul pivotal y conne ted with said piston through theinciliuxn ot' a "pin 25, This piunian ex tends (liirfi' isfillll? tooperate in the crank cuss aml is iln'rcin niaota connectcil with a crankl rranli 2 formed upon a crank which carries a llj' uhrcl npprr crankcast hi in the form A itn sa ltl section lilt'tl various ports a cribed.

2? is a cylincniug; 25, for receiw V Disposed or "e casing or (rage a.

valve 30, the detail structure of which will be given hereinafter.Formed in the lower portion of the casting 27 is a port or manifold 31,to receive cooling air exhausted from the crank case and havingconnection with the muffler pipe (not shown). Formed in the upperportion of the casting 27 is a portor manifold 32, havingconnection'with the carbureter (not shown) to supply. the ex plosivecharge or gas into the casing 10.

Attention is called to the fact that Fig. 1'

is a section taken on line 11 of Fig. 3, in which numerals 33 and 34designatecooling air supply ports, vertically disposed, as shown. Theinner wall of the port 34 is formed of a portion of the wall of thecasing 10, as shown. The port 33 is in free communication at its upperend with a port 35, having fires communication with the interior of thejacket 3. At its upper end the port 34 leads into an opening 36, formedthrough the upper end of the compression cylinder 13, whereby coolingair may besupplied through the port 34 into the compression cylinder 13above the auxiliary compression piston 22, when said piston descends.The ports 33 and 34 have com munication respectively at their lowerendswith openings 37 .and 38, formed through the valve casing 29. Theport 33 is extended. in the form of a curved port 39, the lower end ofwhich is in communication with an opening 40, disposed near acoiiperating opening 41. The openings 40 and 41 are formed through thevalve casing 29.

Attention is now called to Figs. 3 and 5, it being remembered that Fig.5 is a vertical section on line 5-5 of Fig. 3. The exhaust port ormanifold 31 leads into an. upper curved port 42, having freecommunication at its upper and lower ends respectively with openings 43and 44, formed through the valve cage or casing 29. Disposed near theopening 43 is a co-acting opening 45, having free communication with thelower horizontail. portion of the port 34. Disposed near the opcning44is a co-acting opening 46 having free communication with the interior ofthe crank case, as shown. It is thus seen that when openings 43 and 45are in com munication, the conduit or port 34will ex; haust air into themanifold 31 and when openings 44 and 46 are in communication air will beexhausted from the crank case into the manifold 31.

Attention is now called more particularly to l 'igs. 3 and 4 and to thefact that Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 3. Thecarbureter manifold or port 32, has free communication with a port 47,in registration with a gas supply opening 48 formed through the valvecasing 29, as shown. Formed through this casing 29 and near the opening48 is a co-acting gas supply opening 49, in registration with a port 50,

which has free communication with the lower end of the outerintermediate casing 10, as shown. Attention is called to the fact thatthe port 50 has no communicatimi with the crank casinglVhen the valve 30is 1'0- tated so that po'rts 4'7 and 50 are brought into communication,it will be seen mat the explosive charge or gas will be fed from themanifold 32 into the lower end of thecasing 1Q.

The valve 30 is preferably formed of a solid cylinder of metal, havingrecesses or openings 51, 52 and 53 cut or cored out of the same.Attention is called to the fact that the openin s 51 and 53 face in thesame direction and that opening 52, disposed between the other openingsfaces in the opposite direction. The opening 51 extends through one sideof the valve and forms a curved section 54. The opening 52 extendsthrough one side or face of the valve and forms a section 55, curved, asshown. The opening 53 is semi-cylindrical, as shown. Vhen the valve isin its operative position within the casing 29, the opening 51 isadjacent openings 43. 45, and 44, 46; opening 52 is adjacent openings37, 38, and 40, 41; and opening 53 is adjacent openings 48 and 49.

The valve 30 has a pinion 56 rigidly con nected therewith, which pinionis driven by a pinion 57, fast upon the crank shaft 26.

The operation of the engine is as follows :VVhen the piston 19 movesupwardly the crank shaft ,26 through the mediu of pinions and 56, willturn the valve 3% so that the opening 53 will be positioned to establishcommunication between openings 48 and 49, whereby such upward movementof the piston will suck or draw the carbureted gas into the casing 10and the compression cylinder 13'. Upon the descent of the piston the gasis somewhat compressed in cylinder 13 and forced upwardly through theport 12 to ports 8, from which said gas is discharged into the explosioncylinder 1 after the piston uncovers the exhaust port 7 and said ports8. Upon its upward movement the piston 19 covers ports 7 and 8 andentraps the gases introduced into the cylinder through ports 8,

to highly compress the same by the time said piston has reached itsuppermost position, subsequently to which said gas is fired inaccordance with the ordinary practice. The piston is then drivendownwardly. When the piston 19 starts on its downward travel the section55 of the valve 29 uncovers openings 37 and 38, whereby air is drawninto the jacket 3 about the cylinder 1 and be tween the fins 4, throughport 33, openings 37 and 38, port 34 and through opening 36 in thecompression cylinder 13 above the descending auxiliary piston 22. mannerthe cylinder 1 is cooled b the circulation of air exteriorly thereof,tli e compres- In this 'sion cvlinder 13' cooled by the introduction 'ofthe air into the same, and the piston 19 the fact that sections 54 and55 of the valve,

29 are oppositely faced. It is thus seen that the section 54 will atthis time be moved to uncover openings 44 and 46 (see Fig. 5), openings43 and 45 being uncovered. The downward movement of the piston will nowforce the cooling air from the crank case, through openings 46 and 44,into the exhaust port or manifold 31. When the piston travels upwardlythe section 55 is moved to uncover the openings 40 and 41, whereby airwill be drawn into the crank case through ports 33', 39 and saidopenings 40 and 41. The openings 37 and 38 are now covered. The openings44 and 46 (see Fig. 5) are now covered and openings 43 and 45 areuncovered, whereby the air in the compression cylinder 13 above piston.22 may be exhausted through opening 36, port- 34, openings 43 and-45,and through port 42 into the exhaust manifold 31. It is thus seen thatwhen air is being drawn into the crank case it is being exhausted fromthe compression cylinder 13 above the piston 22, and vice versa. I havefound that by providing positively driven means for thus controlling theand the feed and exhaust of the cooling air, that the engine operates ina more satisfactory manner than can be accomplished by the number ofindividual check valves or the like.

i I wish it understood that the form of my invention herewith shown anddescribed is to be taken as a preferred example of the same, and thatcertain changes in the shape,

size, and arrangementof parts may be resorted to without departing fromthe spirit of the invention or the scope of the siib- -joined claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:--

1. In an engine of the character described, an explosion cylinder, ajacket surrounding the same and provided with an air inlet opening, anintermediate outer casing provided with means of communication with theinterior of said explosion cylinder, :1 closed crank case having a ortadapted to connect the interior thereof with the interior of saidjacket, said intermediate casing ,having a port leading into the upperportion th i ereof, a piston operating in t e explosion cylinder, anauxiliary piston zonnected with t e first named "PlSl-OH and operatingin said intermediate outer casing. a valve pro- 5 vided with aplurahtyof openings formed therein to cooperate with said ports, a crank shaft,a pitn-ian connecting the crank shaft and first named piston, and meansoperated by the crank shaft to move said valve.

In an engine of the character described, an explosion cylinder, a jacketsurrounding the same and provided with an air inlet opening, anintermediate outer casing provided with a conduit having communicationwith the interior of said explosion cylinder, a compression cylinderdisposed within said intermediate outer casing and having the lower endthereof in free communication with said intermediate outer casing, aclosed crank case having a port in communication with the interior ofsaid jacket, said compression cylinder having a port to supply air intothe upper portion thcreof,'a rotatable valve provided with openings tocotiperate with said ports, a crank shaft, a pitman connected with saidcrank shaft, a piston operating in the explosion cylinder and connectedwith said pitman, an auxiliary piston carried by the first namedpistonand o erating in said compression cylinder, an means 0 erated bythe crank shaft -to rotate the valve.

3. In an engine of the character described, an explosion cylinder, anintermediate outer casing provided with a conduit having communicationwith the interior of said exlosion cylinder, .a compression cylinderaving one end in free communication with the outer intermediate casing,a closed crank case having a port for supplying air into the same, saidcompression cylinder having a port to supply air into one end portionthereof, a movable valve provided with openings to coiiperate with saidports, a piston operating in the explosion cylinder, an auxiliary pistoncarried by the first named piston and operating in said compressioncylinder, a crank shaft, a pitman connecting the crank shaft and firstnamed piston, and means operated by the crank shaft to move said valve.

4. In an engine of the character described, an explosion cylinder, anintermediate outer casing provided with a conduit having comiiiunicationu-'itli the interior of said explosion cylinder, a compression cylinderhaving one end thereof in free communication with the outer intermediatecasing, a closed crank case having a port for supplying air into thesame, a crank case cylinder disposed within said intermediate outercasing, said compression cyl nder having a port to supply cooling airinto one end thereof, a rotatable valve to cotiperate with said ports, apiston operating within the explosion cylinder and crank case cylinder,an auxiliary piston driven by said piston and operating in thecompressioncylinder, a pitnian connecting the same with the first c'iiudt and suitable dri ing cona ogtween the crank shaft and crank sheand uncover the mg and provided connected with the first: named 5. In anengine of the character described, an explosion cylinder, anintermediate outer casing having a conduit in communication with theinterior of said explosion cylinder, a compression cylinder having oneend in communication with the interior of said intermediate outercasing, a crank case connected with Stilt] intermediate outer casing, 11castuw formed upon the crank casing and provide with acarbureting portand a cooling anexhaust port, said casting being provided with a mainopening ada IiZOtl to be placed in communication with a p urality ofports one of which leads into the com n'ession crlindcr and the other ofwhich ends into the crank-case, a rotatable valve disused within themain opening of said castwith means for controlling the communicationbetween the interiorof the crank case and the cooling air exhaust portand between the compression chamber and said cooling air exhaust port;said valve being further provided with means for con: trollingeoinnuiuication between said carburetingport and the intermediate outercusing, a piston operating in the explosion cylinder, an auxiliary i.ton connected with the first named piston and operating: in saidcompression cylinder, a crank shaft; a pitman connecting the same witht! e firstnaincd piston, and driving connecting: means between the crankshaft and rotntahle valve.

6. In on engine of the character described, an explosion cylinder, anintermediate outer casing bavihg a gas supply conduit in comintoxication with the interior of said oxplosion cylinder. a compressioncylinder uwingone end in communication with the interior of saidintermediate outer casing, a closed crank case connected with saidintermediate outer casing, n housing provided with a carburetin portexhaust. port, sai housing being provided with n main opening, a valvecasing disosed within the main opening and provided -\,vith a set. ofopenings adapted when nocovered to establish communication between theinterior of the crank case and said cool in air exhaust; port, saidhousing being provided with a cooling air supply port, said valve casingbein provided with a set of openings ad'npt when uncovered to es;tablish communication between the interior of the crank case and saidcooling air suppl port, said valve casing being provided with a set: of.openings adapted when oncovered to establish communication between thecnrluireting port and tho interior of said intermediate outer ca ing, arotntabie valve disposed in the valve casino to cover openings, a craneshaft, u pitmnn connected with the same, a piston operating in theexplosion cylinder and connected with the pitnmn, an auxiliary pistonpiston and and u cooling air.

operating in the compression cylinder, and means driven by the crankshaft to operate the rotatable valve.

7. In an engine of the character described. an explosion cylinder, anintermediate outer casing having a conduit in eonminnication with theinterior of the explosion cylinder, a compression cylinder having one.on connnnnication with the interior of said intorme-(liutc outer casing,a closed crank case connected with said intcrmediateonter casing, nhousing provided wit-ha carburetor air supply port, a port leading tothe lower mrtion of the compression cylinder, :1 coolmg air-supplyiortand a.cooling an exhnust .p6rt, sai housing "being also providedwith a plurality of cooling air ports,

upper portion one of which leads into the of said compression cylinderand the other of which leads into the closed crank-case, said housingbeing provided with a central opening, a. valve casing disposed thereinand provided with sets of nir openings registering with the cooling .airsupply port and the ports lending to the up r portion of the comp*ession cylinder an the crank case, a set, of carburetor air openingsregisteriiv with thc'carhnreted nir'supply port; and die port lending tothe lower portion of the compression cylinder and sets of cooling airexhaust openings registering with the port leading to the up )er portionof the compression cylinder an the crank ease and the air exhaust port,posed in said re re casing to cover. and uncover said sets of openings,:1 piston operating in the explosion cylinder, annuxiliary pistonoperating in the compression cylinder to compress the explosive chargeon the down stroke and the cooling air on the up stroke, a crank shaft,0. pitman connectin the crank shaft and first named )istont, and meansdriven by the crank she to rotate the valve.

8. In an engine ofthc charncterdcsoribed, an explosion cylinder: anintermediate outer casing having a conduit in communication with theinterior of said explosion cylinder; n compression cylinder having oneend in communitntion arith said intermediate outer casing, a closedcrank case; a housing proiidud with sets of cooling air supply 0 enarotatable .valve disingsfor alternately conductingthecoo ing air to theinterior of the compression cylin der vand the crank case, setsotcooling air exhaust openings for alternately conducting the routingair from der and crank case, and a set of gas supply openings tor"conducting the explosive as to thocoinpression cylinder;- aroln-tzihlevalve for covering and uncovering all of the sets of openings; a pistonoperating in the explosion cylinder; an auxiliary piston connected withthe first named piston and operating in the compression cylinder tocomthe compression cyhnpress the explosive charge on the down etroke andthe cooling air on the up stroke, a crank shaft: :1 pitman connectingthe crank shaft with the first named piston; and driving connectingmeans between the crank shaft and the rotatable "alve.

f). In an engine of the character described, an explosion cylinder; anintermediate outer casing having a conduit in communication with theinterior of said explosion cylinder; a compression cylinder having oneend in connnun cation with said intermediate outer casing; a closedcrank case; a housing proided with sets of coolii'ig air supply openingsfor alternately conducting the cooling air to the interior of thecmnpre-= i0n cylinder and the crank cafie, sets of cooling air exhaustopenings for alternately conducting the cooling air from the compressioncylinder and crank caae, and a set ot gas supply openings for conductingthe explosive gas to the interior of saitl compression cylinder; amovable \alve for covering and uncovering saitl sets of opening atproper times and in proper order; a pih'ton operating in the explosioncylinder; an auxiliary piston connected with the first named pis' tonand operating in said compression cylinder to compress the explosivecharge on the lown FliI'OkQ and the cooling air on the up stroke; acrank shaft; a pitman connecting the crank shaft with the first namedportion, and means to move said valie.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

(, l'lARLES M. LEECH.

'it nesses MELVIN, C. Llonr, W1 J. Brenna.

